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Tuesday, 7 April 2015

How to treat ulcer naturally........

              Home remedies for mouth ulcer:
Simple home remedies for the treatment of canker sores or burning ulcers.
  1. Coconut milk is a good medicine for ulcers. Extract milk by grating fresh coconut. Now gargle with this coconut milk for about three to four times a day.
  2. Coriander leaves boiled in water are one simple remedy for mouth ulcers. Let the water cool down and gargle lukewarm water for at least 3-4 times a day and notice better results.
  3. Gargle with one glass of cold /chilled water and one glass of lukewarm water alternatively. This procedure will cure the mouth ulcers effectively.
  4. Take one cup of fenugreek leaves and boil them in two cups of water. Strain the water and keep it aside for sometime by covering it with a lid. Gargle this water twice or thrice daily.
  5. Boil one cup of water and add one teaspoon of coriander seeds in it. After it becomes warn remove it and gargle when the water is slightly warm. Repeat this process 3 to 4 times every day.
  6. Aloevera is an effective natural remedy for mouth ulcers. Take at least two tablespoons of aloe vera gel thrice daily for quick results.
  7. Chewing 5 – 6 basil leaves (tulsi leaves) with some water every day will help you in getting rid of mouth ulcers. Repeat this procedure five to six times daily for better results.
  8. Chew five to six pieces of holy basil leaves and drink some water. Do this for at least 5-6 times whenever you get mouth ulcers.
  9. Consuming raw tomatoes helps you in getting rid of mouth ulcers. You can even try gargling with tomato juice three to four times every day.
  10. You can apply the mixture of camphor and sugar candy on the blister. This mixture is made with 7 parts of mishri (sugar candy) and one part of camphor. This is one of the the simplest home remedy for curing mouth ulcers.
  11. Apply the mixture of turmeric powder and glycerine. To make the mixture, take one pinch of turmeric and one teaspoon of glycerine.
  12. Take one teaspoon of honey and mix 1/4 teaspoon turmeric to make a paste. Now rub it on the canker sore.
  13. Eat a banana with curd as the first thing in the morning for better results.
  14. One of the proven remedy to cure mouth ulcer is to massage the gums in the mouth with a mixture of honey and coconut oil.
  15. Make a paste of Indian gooseberry and apply it on the sore directly. Repeat this process at least twice a day and notice the quick results.
  16. Make your own antiseptic mouthwash with ten drops of tea tree oil in 1/3 cup of water. Swish this mouthwash for more than 30 seconds and spit it out. This helps you cure the infection and heals the sore.
  17. Dissolve half teaspoon salt in one cup of water to make a salt water mouthwash. Now swish this mouthwash for at least 30 seconds, and then spit it out. Also you can gargle with lukewarm salt water for better results.
  18. Bicarbonate of soda also helps you get rid of these painful sores.
  19. Dab two drops of tea tree oil directly on the ulcer, doing this will reduce the redness around the sore and also reduces the inflammation caused
  20. Another quick way of treating mouth ulcer in short duration is by using cranberry juice. Hold the juice in the mouth over the ulcer for better results.
  21. You can even use plain yogurt to treat these canker sores.
  22. Eat raw salad with plenty of onions; this will help you make the ulcers disappear.

What to do:

  • Use soft brush to clean your teeth, every morning and night
  • In every meal, drink at least one cup of cranberry juice
  • Use a straw while drinking cool drinks and chilled water
  • Eat comforting foods such as yogurt, ice-cream, and custard. Also try eating relaxing foods like mixed cool fruits custard, ice-cream, etc which help you get rid of burning ulcers disappear.

What not to do:

  • Keep away from spicy and hot foods
  • Try to avoid the intake of beverages and hard foods like coffee, tea
  • Avoid the consumption of addictive foods such as alcohol, tobacco etc.



Monday, 6 April 2015

HOME REMEDIES FOR BAD BREATH


    HOME REMEDIES FOR BAD BREATH PREVENTION
you can also treat bad breath with the help of some readily available ingredients from your kitchen cupboard.

1. Fennel:

Fennel acts as an excellent mouth freshener that helps control bad breath. It also contains antimicribial properties that fight the bacteria in the mouth.
  • Slowly chew a tablespoon of fennel to freshen your breath and stimulate the production of saliva.
  • You can also drink fennel tea a couple of times a day. To make this tea, steep one or two teaspoons of fennel seeds in a cup of hot water for 5 to 10 minutes.

2. Cinnamon:

Cinnamon contains cinnamic aldehyde, an essential oil that not only covers up bad breath, but also reduces the amount of bacteria in your mouth. To treat bad breath follow this remedy twice daily.
  1. Boil one teaspoon of cinnamon powder in a cup of water.
  2. You may add some bay leaves and cardamom too.
  3. Strain the solution and use it as a mouth rinse to refresh your breath.

3. Fenugreek:

Fenugreek tea is highly effective when bad breath is caused by catarrhal infections.

  1. Boil a teaspoon of fenugreek seeds in a cup of water.
  2. Strain and drink this tea once daily until you get rid of the problem.

4. Cloves:

Cloves help freshen your breath and also have antibacterial properties that are very helpful in getting rid of bad breath.
  • The easiest method is to pop a few pieces of cloves into your mouth and chew them thoroughly. This will eliminate bad breath in a few minutes.
  • You can also make clove tea. Boil a cup of water, add one teaspoon of ground cloves and allow it to simmer for 5 to 10 minutes. Drink the tea or use it as a mouthwash twice a day.

5. Parsley:

Parsley contains chlorophyll that can help neutralize bad breath.
  • Simply chew on a fresh parsley sprig to refresh your breath. You can also dip this herb in vinegar and then chew it thoroughly.
  • Another option is to put parsley leaves through a juicer and sip the juice anytime you need to refresh your breath. It will also aid digestion.

6. Lemon Juice:
Curing bad breath with a lemon rinse has been used for generations. The acidic content in lemons prevents growth of bacteria in your mouth. Plus, its strong pleasant smell helps mask the bad odor.
Just stir one tablespoon of lemon juice into a cup of water and rinse your mouth with it. You can also add a bit of salt to it and then use it. This remedy will help to solve the problem of dry mouth which is one of the main reasons that contribute to bad breath.

7.Apple Cider Vinegar:

Due to its pH balancing effects, apple cider vinegar makes a wonderful remedy for bad breath. You can try any of these remedies depending on your preference.
  • Stir one tablespoon of raw, unfiltered apple cider vinegar into a glass of water and drink it before eating your meals. The vinegar will help in digestion as well as cure bad breath.
  • Gargle with apple cider vinegar mixed in a cup of water.

8. Baking Soda

Baking soda, also known as bicarbonate of soda, is another great solution for getting rid of and preventing bad breath. It helps blancing the acid that contribute to bad breath. Plus, it fights oral bacteria that cause bad breath.
  • Mix one-half teaspoon of baking soda in a glass of warm water and use it as a mouth rinse once daily until you are satisfied with the results.
  • Brushing your teeth with baking soda will also help reduce the acidity in your mouth and prevent bacteria from building up on your tongue.

9. Tea Tree Oil
tea tree essential oilTea tree oil has antiseptic properties that act like a powerful disinfectant for your mouth. You can get the benefits from tea tree oil in a variety of ways.
  • Brush your teeth with a toothpaste containing tea tree oil.
  • Another option is to put a few drops of tea tree oil on your toothbrush along with your regular toothpaste.
  • You can also mix a few drops of tea tree oil, peppermint oil and lemon oil in a glass of water and use it as a mouthwash.


HOW TO PREVENT BAD BREATH

PREVENTION OF BAD BREATH

Please remember, preventing bad breath is always easier than treating it. By developing the right habits, you can be effective at preventing bad breath.

  1. Eat foods rich in fiber - High fiber foods actually help prevent halitosis. Avoid eating heavily processed foods that contain refined carbohydrates such as cookies, cakes, sweets and ice cream.
  2. Use mouthwash - Some mouthwashes or oral rinses are effective at preventing bad breath. However, you should never use alcohol based mouthwashes because the alcohol makes the mouth very dry, which will actually cause bad breath
  3. Drink green and black teas - They contain polyphenols that help eliminate sulfur compounds and reduce oral bacteria.
  4. Avoid drying medication - Avoid taking antidepressants, diuretics, pain relievers and antihistamines unless it is absolutely, medically necessary. These drugs inhibit saliva flow and cause halitosis.
  5. Avoid products with sodium lauryl sulfate or alcohol - Do not use any oral hygiene products that contain sodium lauryl sulfate or alcohol because the alcohol makes the mouth very dry, which is a leading cause of bad breath.
  6. Clean your mouth after eating meat, fish or dairy products - Practice consistent and thorough oral hygiene to prevent bad breath
  7. .Stop smoking - Studies have shown that smokers present a higher risk of developing periodontal disease and bad breath because smoking causes dry mouth which can cause bad breath.
  8. Breathe through your nose instead of your mouth - Try to address any snoring or sleep apnea issues that could be affecting your breath and causing dry mouth.
  9. Drink water - Keep your mouth moist by drinking plenty of water.
  10. Clean your dentures at least once a day - Practice the same, proper oral care that you would with your original teeth.
  11. Eliminate dairy products from your diet - Bad breath can easily be caused by lactose intolerance.
  12. Use an oral probiotic like S. salivarius K12 and M18 - Use probiotics to balance the oral cavity and prevent an overgrowth of the odor causing bacteria that can cause bad breath.




Wednesday, 1 April 2015

ATTRITION


                                ATTRITION


Dental attrition can be defined as "tooth-to-tooth wear of the dentition",resulting in loss of tooth tissue, usually starting at the incisal or occlusal surfaces. It is a natural process to see teeth wearing away from opposing tooth contact and commonly seen as part of the aging process, however excessive wear causing extremely attrition can be defined as a pathology within the oral cavity. If the attrition is severe, the enamel can be completely worn away to leave underlying dentine exposed, leading to an increased risk of dental caries.


Signs and Symptoms:

Attrition occurs as a result of opposing tooth surfaces contacting. The contact can affect cusps, incisal surfaces and proximal areas.
Indications of attrition can include:
  • Sensitive teeth
  • Tooth discoloration
  • Loss of tooth characteristics; rounded or sharp edges, loss of cusps and chipped teeth
  • Altered occlusion as vertical height changes
  • Teeth appear the same height- no difference in height of anterior teeth
  • Enamel of molars appears thin and flat
  • Aesthetic concerns related to the height of teeth
  • Compromised periodontal support can result in tooth mobility
  • Loss in posterior occlusal stability
  • Mechanical failure of restorations
  • Hypermobility
  • Drifting
Causes:

In dental attrition, the tooth wear occurs by tooth to tooth contact. The influence of tooth wear can affect the quality of life. The dental attrition represents the well-defined wear facets on cusps or ridge of teeth. This can be caused by several factors i.e. Para functional habits such as bruxism or clenching, developmental defects, hard or rough textured diet as well as absence of the posterior teeth support. If the natural teeth oppose or occlude the porcelain restorations in opposing teeth then it can also result the attrition in natural teeth. The class III incisal relationship in which anterior teeth come in edge to edge relationship can be another cause of dental attrition.The temporomandibular joint is made up of several different structure including bone, muscle and ligaments that all work together to produce masticatory movement. If there is a disruption or dysfunction in anyone of these structures, function can be compromised and complications such as bruxism and clenching of the jaw may arise, which can result in attrition of the tooth tissue.
Bruxim is one of the main causes of attrition. It is a para-functional movement of the mandible during day or night. It can be associated with presence of audible sound along with clenching or grinding of teeth. This is usually reported by parents or partners while the patient grinds during their sleep. The research says that in some cases erosion is also associated with severe dental attrition. The erosion causes the tooth tissue loss because of erosive acids. The erosion softens the dental hard tissues which become more susceptible to attrition. That is why habit of bruxism accelerates the tooth-tissue loss due to attrition in an erosive environment. It has been found that severe attrition in young patients is usually associated with erosive factors in their diets.The evidence and reviews represent that the physiological processes of tooth wear (abrasion, attrition and erosion) mostly interact with each other and rarely work individually. That is why it is important to obtain knowledge of these tooth wear processes and their interactions.


Treatment:

  • Cosmetic or functional intervention may be required if TSL is pathological in nature and there has been advanced TSL.
  • The first stage of treatment involves the management of any associated conditions such as fractured teeth, or sharp cusps/incisal edges. These can be resolved via restoration of and polishing of sharp cusps
  • . At this stage desensitizing fluoride agents such as Duraphat can be applied, and at home desensitising toothpastes recommended.
  • There are many different treatment options which have been proposed such as direct composite restorations, bonded cast metal restorations, removable partial dentures, orthodontic treatment, crown lengthening, protective splints.
  • The decision to restore the dentition depends on the needs of the patient, the severity of tooth surface loss and whether tooth surface loss is active.
  • The use of adhesive materials to replace lost tooth structure can be performed as a conservative and cost effective approach, before a more permanent solution of crowns or veneers is considered.

Thursday, 26 March 2015

GINGIVAL RECESSION


                   GINGIVAL RECESSION

In dentistry, gingival recession (receding gums) is the exposure in the roots
of the teeth caused by a loss of gum tissue and/or retraction of the gingival margin from the crown of the teeth. Gum recession is a common problem in adults over the age of 40, but it may also occur starting from the teens. It may exist with or without concomitant decrease in crown-to-root ratio (recession of alveolar bone).



CAUSES OF GINGIVAL RECESSION:

There are a number of factors that can cause your gums to recede, including:
  • Periodontal diseases. These are bacterial gum infections that destroy gum tissue and supporting bone that hold your teeth in place. Gum disease is the main cause of gum recession.
  •   
  • Your genes. Some people may be more susceptible to gum disease. In     fact,studies show that 30% of the population may be predisposed to gumdisease, regardless of how well they care for their teeth.
  • Aggressive tooth brushing. If you brush your teeth too hard or the wrong way, it can cause the enamel on your teeth to wear away and your gums to recede.
  • Insufficient dental care. Inadequate brushing and flossing makes it easy for plaque to turn into calculus ( tartar), a hard substance that can only be removed by a professional dental cleaning. This can build up on and in between the teeth causing gum recession.

  • Hormonal changes. Fluctuations in female hormone levels during a woman's lifetime, such as in puberty, pregnancy and menopause, can make gums more sensitive and more vulnerable to gum recession.

  • Tobacco. Tobacco users are more likely to have sticky plaque on their teeth that is difficult to remove, which can cause gum recession.

  • Grinding and clenching your teeth. Clenching or grinding your teeth can put too much force on the teeth, causing gums to recede.
  • Diabetes: People with diabetes are around three times more likely to develop gum disease than those without diabetes.

  • Crooked teeth or a misalinged teeth. When teeth do not come together      evenly, too much force can be placed on the gums and bone, allowing    gums to recede.
  • Body piercing of the lip or tongue. Jewellery can rub the gums and irritate them to the point that gum tissue is worn away.


SYMPTOMS OF GINGIVAL RECESSION:

Gum recession is generally not an acute condition. In most cases, receding of gums is a progressive condition that occurs gradually over the years. This is one reason that it is common over the age of 40. Because the changes in the condition of the gums from one day to another are minimal, patients get used to the gums' appearance and tend not to notice the recession visually. Receding gums may remain unnoticed until the condition starts to cause symptoms.
The following signs and symptoms may indicate gum recession:
  • Tooth mobility.
  • Dentine hypersensitivity(over-sensitive teeth) - short, sharp pain is triggered by hot, cold, sweet, sour, or spicy food and drink. If the cementum covering the root is not protected anymore by the gums, it is easily abraded exposing the dentin tubules to external stimuli.
  • Teeth may also appear longer than normal (a larger part of the crown is visible if gums are receding)
  • The roots of the tooth are exposed and visible
  • The tooth feels notched at the gum line
  • Change in the tooth’s color (due to the color difference between enamel and cementum)
  • Spaces between teeth seem to grow (the space is the same, but it seems larger because the gums do not fill it any more)
  • Cavities below the gum line
If the gum recession is caused by gingivitis, the following symptoms may also be present:
  • Puffy, red, or swollen (inflamed) gums
  • Gum bleeding while brushing or flossing
  • Bad breath (halitosis)
In some cases, it is the treatment of gingivitis that reveals a gum recession problem, that was previously masked by the gums swelling.

GINGIVAL RECESSION TREATMENTS:
There are a few different types of approaches to the treatment of receded gums, and each one depends on the cause of the gum recession as well as the severity. Some of the treatments are more proactive to help avoid aggressive recession, while others are the only ones available for severe cases.

Laser Treatments and Periodontal Therapy – Utilizing periodontal therapy through your dentist can help eliminate the deep bacteria that cause gum tissue to detach from the tooth. Some dentists will also offer laser therapy to help sanitize the pocket area of bacteria, so that the disease process is halted. When diseased areas are cleaned and maintained properly, it is possible for some gingival tissue to re-connect with the tooth surface, preventing further recession.

Tobacco Cessation – There’s never been a better time to kick the habit. No matter if it’s smoking or dip tobacco, giving up the habit will not only save you money, it will also save your gum tissue. Gum tissue will have better circulation and less irritation, keeping it tighter around the root.

UltraBlu Toothbrush – By utilizing UltraBlu’s blue light technology, you can target the bacteria that causes infected gum tissue that leads to receding gums. With daily use of the UltraBlu toothbrush you allow your gingival tissue the time it needs to re-connect with the tooth surface, which in turn prevents further gum recession.

Soft Toothbrushing– Using a soft bristled toothbrush (preferably electric, as these remove more bacteria), angle the brush toward the gums and gently cleanse the area twice each day. Aggressive brushing or brushes that have stiff bristles will cause recession to become more severe, while soft brushing will help maintain healthy gum levels.

SURICAL TREATMENTS:

The following surgical procedures are used to treat gum recession:

Pocket depth reduction: During this procedure, the dentist or periodontist (gum doctor) folds back the affected gum tissue, removes the harmful bacteria from the pockets, and then snugly secures the gum tissue in place over the tooth root, thus eliminating the pockets or reducing their size.
Regeneration: If the bone supporting your teeth has been destroyed as a result of gum recession, a procedure to regenerate lost bone and tissue may be recommended. As in pocket depth reduction, your dentist will fold back the gum tissue and remove the bacteria. A regenerative material, such as a membrane, graft tissue, or tissue-stimulating protein, will then be applied to encourage your body to naturally regenerate bone and tissue in that area. After the regenerative material is put in place, the gum tissue is secured over the root of the tooth or teeth.
Soft tissue graft:There are several types of gum tissue graft procedures, but the most commonly used one is called a connective tissue graft. In this procedure, a flap of skin is cut at the roof of your mouth (palate) and tissue from under the flap, called subepithelial connective tissue, is removed and then stitched to the gum tissue surrounding the exposed root. After the connective tissue -- the graft -- has been removed from under the flap, the flap is stitched back down. During another type of graft, called free gingival graft, tissue is taken directly from the roof of the mouth instead of under the skin. Sometimes, if you have enough gum tissue surrounding the affected teeth, the dentist is able to graft gum from near the tooth and not remove tissue from the palate. This is called a pedicle graft.
Your dentist can determine the best type of procedure to use on you based on your individual needs.


DENTAL ABSCESS

DENTAL ABSCESS

A dental abscess (also termed a dentoalveolar abscess, tooth abscess or root abscess), is a localized collection of pus associated with a tooth. The most common type of dental abscess is a periapical abscess, and the second most common is a periodontal abscess. In a periapical abscess, usually the origin is a bacterial infection that has accumulated in the soft, often dead, pulp of the tooth. This can be caused by tooth decay, broken teeth or extensiveperiodontal disease (or combinations of these factors). A failed root canal treatment may also create a similar abscess.
A dental abscess is a type of odontogenic infection, although commonly the latter term is applied to an infection which has spread outside the local region around the causative tooth.

TYPES OF DENTAL ABSCESS
There are 3 types of dental abscess:

Gingival abscess - the abscess is only in the gum tissue and does not affect the tooth or the periodontal ligament.

Periodontal abscess - this abscess starts in the supporting bone tissue structures of the teeth.

Periapical abscess - this abscess commences in the soft pulp of the tooth.

A dental abscess usually requires treatment; otherwise it can worsen and result in the destruction of bone tissue.

signs and symptoms of an abscessed tooth:
    The tooth turns dark in color compared to surrounding teeth. The by-products of the necrotic pulp that leach into the porous tooth layer cause this discoloration.
  1. There is pain with eating or with pressing on the tooth. The abscess that has spread out the root tip causes the supporting structures (gum and bone) to be affected. Sometimes the throbbing or pulsating pain is so severe it can't be relieved with pain medications. This is usually related to the infection spreading and causing more pressure on the surrounding structures of gum and bone.
  2. There is swelling and/or a pimple on the gum that is filled with pus. This pimple is called a "draining fistula" and oftentimes can rupture to release pus. This is an obvious sign of infection. Other signs of a tooth abscess are a bad taste or bad odor in the mouth.
It is also important to note that an abscessed tooth may not have any symptoms at all. Because the tooth has lost vitality (or the ability to feel stimuli), there may be no pain associated with it. However, the abscess is still present and could be further spreading the infection. On occasion, an abscessed tooth is discovered during a routine radiographic (X-ray) exam where the patient has not experienced any symptoms of an abscessed.

Dental abscess causes:
The cause of these infections is direct growth of the bacteria from an existing cavity into the soft tissues and bones of the face and neck.
An infected tooth that has not received appropriate dental care can cause a dental abscess to form. Poor oral hygiene, (such as not brushing and flossing properly or often enough) can cause cavities to form in your teeth. The infection then may spread to the gums and adjacent areas and become a painful dental abscess.


Complications of a dental abscess:

With the right treatment, a dental abscess is easily cured. However, in rare cases, complications can occur.
Most complications arise due to the spread of the bacterial infection when an abscess is left untreated.
Possible complications are outlined below.

Loss of the tooth

The affected tooth may need to be removed (extracted). This is more likely if a dental abscess returns, or if your tooth is severely broken down.

Sinusitis

Sinusitis is an infection of the small air-filled cavities inside your skull.
It is usually the cavities behind your cheekbones that can become infected as a complication of a dental abscess. These are known as the maxillary sinuses.
Symptoms of sinusitis include:
  • a blocked or runny nose
  • facial pain and tenderness
  • a high temperature (fever) of 38°C (100.4°F) or above
Sinusitis often clears up without treatment but, if necessary, antibiotics can be prescribed.

Osteomyelitis

Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone. It can be caused by the bacteria in a dental abscess spreading and causing inflammation.
Osteomyelitis can cause symptoms such as fever, nausea (feeling sick) and severe pain in the affected bone, which can often be in the area surrounding a dental abscess.
However, as the infection is spread through your blood, it can affect any bone in your body. Osteomyelitis can be treated by taking oral antibiotics or injecting them into a vein.

Cavernous sinus thrombosis

Cavernous sinus thrombosis is a rare, but serious, condition where a blood vessel in the brain becomes infected and a clot develops..

Ludwig's angina

Ludwig's angina is a potentially life-threatening infection of the tissues of the floor of the mouth, under the tongue.
Symptoms can include:
  • swelling
  • pain when moving the tongue
  • neck swelling
  • fever
  • difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
  • difficulty breathing
In severe cases, you may have trouble breathing or experience an abnormal breathing sound, caused by a blocked airway.


Treatments and drugs:
The goal of treatment is to get rid of the infection. To accomplish this, your dentist may:
  • Open up (incise) and drain the abscess.The dentist will make a small cut into the abscess, allowing the pus to drain out, and then wash the area with salt water (saline).
  • Perform a root canal. This procedure can help eliminate the infection and save your tooth. To do this, your dentist drills down into your tooth, removes the diseased central tissue (pulp) and drains the abscess. He or she then fills and seals the tooth's pulp chamber and root canals, and caps the tooth with a crown to enhance strength, especially for molar teeth. If you care for your restored tooth properly, it can last a lifetime.
  • Pull the affected tooth.If the affected tooth can't be saved, your dentist will pull (extract) the tooth and drain the abscess to get rid of the infection.
  • Prescribe antibiotics. If the infection is limited to the abscessed area, you may not need antibiotics. But if the infection has spread to nearby teeth, your jaw or other areas, your dentist will likely prescribe antibiotics to stop it from spreading further. He or she may also recommend antibiotics if you have a weakened immune system.